Singular to Plural Number

Singular ‡_‡K Plural Kivi wbqgvejx:

☞ mvaviYZ Noun-Gi mv‡_ s ‡hvM K‡i Plural Kiv nq| †hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Bottle	Bottles	Pencil	Pencils
Method	Methods	Window	Windows

☞ k‡ãi †k‡l ch, s, sh, x ev s sound _vK‡j es †hvM K‡i plural Ki‡Z nq| †hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Mach	Maches	Box	Boxes
Bus	Buses	Moss	Mosses
Dish	Dishes	Branch	Branches
Exception:	Monarch — Monarchs, Epoch — Epochs
	Tech — Techs

☞ k‡ãi †kl f ev fe _vK‡j f/fe-Gi ¯’‡j v+es †hvM K‡i plural Ki‡Z nq| †hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Wolf	Wolves	Life	Lives
Leaf	Leaves	Wife	Wives
Thief	Thieves	Loaf	Loaves
Half	Halves	Sheaf	Sheaves
Calf	Calves	Knife	Knives
Elf	Elves	Shelf	Shelves
Self	Selves

☞ †k‡l f ev fe _vKv m‡Ë¡I wb‡Pi k㸇jvi mv‡_ s †hvM K‡i A_ev v+es †hvM K‡i Plural Kiv hvq| 

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Dwarf	Dwarfs	Hoof	Hoofs
Dwarf	Dwarves	Hoof	Hooves
Scarf	Scarfs	Scarf	Scarves

☞ †k‡l f ev fe _vKv m‡Ë¡I wb‡Pi k㸇jvi mv‡_ ïay s †hvM K‡i Plural Ki‡Z nq|

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Chief	Chiefs	Cliff	Cliffs
Gulf	Gulfs	Proof	Proofs
Safe	Safes	Handkerchief	Handkerchiefs
Chef	Chefs	Roof	Roofs

☞Noun-Gi †k‡l O _vK‡j mvaviYZ es †hvM K‡i Plural Ki‡Z nq| †hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Embargo	Embargoes	Potato	Potatoes
Hero	Heroes	Torpedo	Torpedoes
Tomato	Tomatoes	Veto	Vetoes
Buffalo	Buffaloes	Mango	Mangoes
Negro	Negroes	Echo	Echoes
Volcano	Volcanoes	Cargo	Cargoes

☞ †k‡l O _vKv m‡Ë¡I wb‡Pi k㸇jvi mv‡_ ïay s †hvM K‡i Plural Ki‡Z nq|

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Dynamo	Dynamos	Ratio	Ratios
Canto	Cantos	Logo	Logos
Studio	Studios	Video	Videos
Tattoo	Tattoos	Memo	Memos
Photo	Photos
Auto	Autos	Kargaroo	Kargaroos
Kilo	Kilos	Piano	Pianos
Soprano	Sopranos	Zoo	Zoos
Pimento	Pimentos	Solo	Solos
Stereo	Stereos	Commando	Commandos

☞ †k‡l O _vKv m‡Ë¡I wb‡Pi k㸇jvi mv‡_ s ev es †h‡KvbwU †hvM K‡i Plural Kiv hvq| †hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Buffalo	buffalos/buffaloes	Cargo	cargoes/cargos
Halo	Halos/haloes	Mosquito	mosquitos/mosquitoes
Motto	mottos/mottoes	No	nos/nose
Tornado	tornados/tornadoes	Volcano	volcanos/volcanoes
Zero	zeros/zeroes

☞ wKQz wKQz  Noun Av‡Q ‡h¸‡jvi †k‡li y Gi ¯’‡j  ies ‡hvM K‡i Plural Ki‡Z nq| ‡hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Baby	Babies	Lady	Ladies
Army	Armies	Story	Stories
City	Cities	Pony	Ponies

☞ wKš‘ k‡ãi †k‡li y Gi Av‡M AviI GKwU Vowel _vK‡j k‡ãi †k‡l ïay s †hvM K‡i Plural Ki‡Z nq| ‡hgb: 

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Way	Ways	Toy	Toys
Kidney	Kidneys	Boy	Boys

☞ wKQz wKQz  Noun Gi wfbœag©x Plural form i‡q‡Q| ‡hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Child	Children	Man	Men
Woman	Women	Human	Humans
Mouse	Mice	Foot	Feet
Louse	Lice	Tooth	Teeth
Ox	Oxen	Person	People
Goose	Geese

☞ wKQz wKQz  Noun i‡q‡Q †h¸‡jvi Singular I Plural form GKB| †hgb:

Barracks	Crossroads	Trout	Salmon
Means	Headquarters	Spacecraft	Aircraft
Sheep	Deer	Pair	Dozen
Series	Species	Score	Gross
Bison	Moose	Hundred	Thousand
Swine	Cod	Swiss	Works (= factory)
Innings (wµ‡K‡U GK `‡ji e¨vU Kivi cvjv)

☞ wKQz wKQz cÖvYxevPK Noun Gi `ywU Plural form Av‡Q| †hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Antelope	Antelope/antelopes	Cod	Cod/cods
Elk	Elk/elks	Fish	Fish/fishes
Flounder	Flounder/flounders	Grouse	Grouse/grouses
Quail	Quail/quails	Reindeer	Reindeer/reindeers
Salmon	Salmon/salmons	Shrimp	Shrimp/shrimps
Trout	Trout/trouts

☞ wb‡Pi Noun ¸‡jv hLb group ev `j wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq ZLb †m¸‡jv Singular Collective Noun wKš‘ wfbœ wfbœf‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡j †m¸‡jv Plural nq|

Audience	band	class	committee
Crowd	dozen	family	flock
group	Heap	herd	jury
kind	lot	(the) number	public
staff	team	board	cabinet
company	council	department	faculty
senate	society	troupe

Compound Noun Gi Plural MVb:

`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK kã wb‡q Compound Noun MwVZ nq| †Kvb †Kvb Compound Noun GKK kã wn‡m‡e MwVZ nq, †KvbwU nvB‡db Øviv Avjv`v nq; Avevi †KvbwU GKwU †¯úm w`‡q Avjv`v nq| †hfv‡eB MwVZ †nvK bv †Kb cÖwZwU Compound Noun G GKwU g~j kã (head word) _v‡K hvi mv‡_ s/es/ies †hvM K‡i H Compound Noun Gi Plural Ki‡Z nq|

☞ GKK kã wn‡m‡e MwVZ Compound Noun Gi Plural:

MVb (Formation)	Singular	Plural
noun + noun	Attorney-general	Attorneys-general
noun + noun	Court martial	Courts martial
noun + noun	Governor-general	Governors-general
noun + noun	Notary public	Notaries public
noun + noun	Sergeant major	Sergeants major
noun + noun	Train station	Train stations
noun + noun	Maid-servant	Maid-servants
noun + noun	Taxi driver	Taxi drivers
noun + noun	Car park	Car parks
noun + adjective	Handful	Handfuls/handsful
noun + adjective	Heir apparent	Heirs apparent
adjective + noun	Blackberry	Blackberries
adjective + noun	Full moon	Full moons
adjective + noun	Step-son	Step-sons
adjective + noun	Blackboard	Blackboards
adjective + noun	Step-daughter	Step-daughters
verb + noun	Breakwater	Breakwaters
verb +ing + noun	Swimming pool	Swimming pools
noun + verb	Haircut	Haircuts
noun + verb+ing	Skydiving	Skydivings
noun + preposition	Passer-by	Passers-by
noun + preposition	Looker-on	Lookers-on
noun + preposition	Hanger-on	Hangers-on
noun + preposition	Handout	Handouts
preposition + noun	Underground	Undergrounds
preposition + noun	Bystander	Bystanders
noun + preposition + noun	Commander-in-chief	Commanders-in-chief
noun + preposition + noun	Coat-of-mail	Coats-of-mail
noun + preposition + noun	Son-in-law	Sons-in-law
noun + preposition + noun	Daughter-in-law	Daughters-in-law

☞ Compound kãwU‡Z †Kvb Noun bv _vK‡j †k‡li word Gi mv‡_ s/es †hvM K‡i Plural Ki‡Z nq| D‡jøL¨, Compound wU‡Z †Kvb Noun bv _vK‡jI Compound wU GKwU Noun wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| †hgb:

MVb (Formation)	Singular	Plural
vpp + preposition	Grown-up	Grown-ups
verb + preposition	Go-between	Go-betweens
verb + preposition	Check-in	Check-ins
verb + preposition	Takeoff	Takeoffs
adjective + preposition	Higher-up	Higher-ups
preposition+verb	Also-ran	Also-rans

☞ wb‡Pi Compound Noun ¸‡jvi wfbœag©x Plural form i‡q‡Q|  †hgb:

Singular	Plural
Man-servant	Men-servant
Man-of-war	Men-of-war

☞ ful hy³ Compound Noun ¸‡jvi `ywU Plural form i‡q‡Q|  †hgb:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Handful	Handfuls	Handful	Handsful
Mouthful	Mouthfuls	Mouthful	Mouthsful
Spoonful	Spoonfuls	Spoonful	Spoonsful
Bucketful	Bucketfuls	Bucketful	Bucketsful
Bucketful	Bucketfuls	Bucketful	Bucketsful
Cupful	Cupfuls	Cupful	Cupsful

we‡`kx k‡ãi Plural MVb: Bs‡iwR fvlvq wKQz wKQz we‡`kx kã Plural mn cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| †hgb:

Latin kã:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Appendix	Appendices	Agendum	Agenda
Apex	Apices	Stratum	Strata
Alumnus	Alumni	Datum	Data
Medium	Media	Focus	Foci
Genus	Genera	Hippopotamus	Hippopotami
Erratum	Errata	Formula	Formulae/formulas
Index	Indices	Memorandum	Memoranda
Radius	Radi	Terminus	Termini/terminuses
Locus	Loci/locuses	Referendum	Referenda
Index	Indices/indexes	Vertex	Vertices
Vortex	Vortices	Momentum	Momenta/momentums
Minimum	Minima/minimums	Matrix	Matrices/matrixes
Stigma	Stigmata	Nucleus	Nuclei
Arena	Arenas	Gymnasium	Gymnasia/gymnasiums

Greek kã:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Axis	Axes	Analysis	Analyses
Basis	Bases	Hypothesis	Hypotheses
Crisis	Crises	Criterion	Criteria
Parenthesis	Parentheses	Phenomenon	Phenomena
Oasis	Oases	Cactus	Cacti/cactuses

Italian kã:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Bandit	Banditi/bandits

French kã:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Madame (madam)	Mesdames	Monsieur	Messieurs
Bureau	Bureaux/bureaus

Hebrew kã:

Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Cherub	Cherubim/cherubs	Seraph	Seraphim/seraphs

q An Easy Approach to English Grammar