The Parts of Speech (c` cÖKiY)
‘The
Parts of Speech’ cÖZ¨qwU‡K
we‡kølY Ki‡j `ywU Dcv`vb cvIqv hvq, h_v: Part ev Ask Ges Speech
ev evK¨/e³e¨| myZivs Parts
of Speech n‡jv ev‡K¨i Askmg~n †h¸‡jv
ev‡K¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v KvR K‡i _v‡K| ev‡K¨i G Askmg~n Avm‡j GK GKwU c` (Term)| Ab¨_vq wew”Qbœfv‡e c`¸‡jv GK GKwU kã (Word)| Avgv‡`i Rvbv Av‡Q evK¨ MV‡bi g~j Dcv`vb n‡jv kã| Avevi
ev‡K¨ e¨eüZ cÖwZwU kãB GK GKwU c`| myZivs ejv hvq cÖwZwU c`B kã, wKš‘ mKj kãB
c` bq| ‡Kvb kã ev‡K¨ e¨eüZ n‡j Zv c‡` iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| †Kvb †Kvb kã ûeû ev‡K¨
e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi †Kvb †Kvb kã ev‡K¨ e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡j Gi mv‡_ wefw³ †hvM
Ki‡Z nq| ev‡K¨ e¨eüZ c‡`i †ÿ‡Î me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq n‡jv bvg †`‡L bq KvR †`‡L
c` wPwýZ Ki‡Z nq| ‡Kbbv GKB c` wfbœ wfbœ ev‡K¨ wfbœ wfbœ A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i ev wfbœ wfbœ KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
wPivqZ
e¨vKi‡Y (Classical
Grammar) Parts of Speech 8 cÖKvi|
h_v:
1. Noun (we‡kl¨ c`)
2. Pronoun (me©bvg c`)
3. Adjective (we‡k‡l¨i we‡klY)
4. Verb (wµqv c`)
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5.
Adverb (wµqv/we‡kl‡Yi we‡klY c`)
6. Preposition (c`vš^qx Ae¨q c`)
7. Conjunction (ms‡hvRK Ae¨q c`)
8. Interjection (we¯§qm~PK Ae¨q c`)
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Noun:
†h †Kvb bvgevPK (GgbwK Kv‡Ri bvg, ¸‡Yi
bvg) kãB Noun| †hgb:
Nazrul
Islam, Rabindranath Tagoor, Shakespeare
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e¨w³i bvg
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Chair,
Table, Computer, House, Door, Window
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e¯‘i bvg
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Dhaka,
Rajshahi, Farmgate, Motijheel, Gulisthan
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¯’v‡bi bvg
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Truthfulness,
Obedience, Loyalty, Patriotism
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¸‡Yi bvg
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Falshood,
Naughtiness, Pride, Jealousy, Greed
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‡`v‡li bvg
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Removal,
Disposal, Entrance, Submission
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Kv‡Ri bvg
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Elephant,
Tiger, Dinosaur, Frog, Snake, Bat
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cÖvwYi bvg
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Devotion,
Superstition, Happiness, Excitement
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aviYvi bvg
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Independence,
War, Championship, Battle
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NUbvi bvg
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Noun
Gi †kÖwYweb¨vm: Bs‡iwR fvlvq we‡kl¨ c‡`i msL¨v me©vwaK| Gi bvbv ai‡bi
†kÖwYwefvRb i‡q‡Q| wb‡P we‡kl¨ c‡`i me©vwaK cÖPwjZ †kÖwYweb¨vm wb‡q Av‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡jv|
|
Dhaka
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wbw`©ó
kn‡ii bvg|
|
|
Kazi
Nazrul Islam
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wbw`©ó e¨w³i
bvg|
|
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Bangabandhu
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wbw`©ó e¨w³
A_©vr †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K eySvq|
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2. Common Noun (RvwZevPK
we‡kl¨ c`): GKB †kÖwYi ev
RvwZi mKj e¨w³ ev e¯‘i mvaviY bvg| Proper
Noun Gi
m¤ú~Y© wecixZ| D`vniY:
|
River
|
c„w_exi
mKj b`x‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|
|
|
Country
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c„w_exi
mKj ‡`k‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|
|
|
Day
|
‡h‡Kvb
w`b‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|
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Common
Noun 3
ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i| h_v:
(i)
Concrete Noun: Bw›`ªqMÖvn¨ Ges evwn¨K
AvKvi-AvK…wZ Av‡Q| †hgb: Chair, Table, Computer, House, Door,
Window|
(ii)
Abstract Noun (¸YevPK we‡kl¨ c`): Bw›`ªqMÖvn¨ bq wKš‘ Aw¯ÍZ¡ ¯^xKvi Kiv nq| †hgb: Courage,
Truthfulness, Obedience, Pride|
(iii)
Collective Noun (mgvwóevPK we‡kl¨ c`): wbw`©ó msL¨K e¨w³ ev
e¯‘‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| †hgb: Army, Class, Cattle, etc. |
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Common
Noun
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Collective
Noun
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Proper
Noun
|
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Human (gvbeRvwZ)
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Army
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The Bangladesh Army
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Animal
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Cattle
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Physian Cow
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3. Material Noun: Dcv`v‡bi
bvg‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| Material Noun e¯‘‡K
wb‡`©k bv K‡i e¯‘i Dcv`vb‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| D`vniY: Iron, gold,
platinum etc. A ship is made of iron.
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Common Noun
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Material Noun
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Proper Noun
|
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Ship
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Iron
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The Titanic
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Watch (Nwo)
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Platinum
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Titan
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Noun
Gi Ab¨vb¨ †kÖwYweb¨vm: MYbv‡hvM¨Zv (Countability) Gi Dci wfwË K‡i Noun `yB cÖKvi| h_v: Count Noun I Non-Count Noun|
(a)
Count Noun: G¸‡jv MYbv Kiv
hvq| †hgb:
Chair, Table, Computer, House, Door, Window|
(b) Non-count Noun: G¸‡jv MYbv Kiv hvq bv| †hgb: Hair, Grass, Truthfulness, Obedience, Pride|
Noun
msµvšÍ KwZcq ÁvZe¨ welqvewj:
☞ Proper Noun ev‡K¨i
†hLv‡bB e¨eüZ †nvK bv †Kb Zv capital letter w`‡q ïiæ n‡e|
|
Dhaka
is the capital city of Bangladesh.
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ev‡K¨i ïiæ‡Z|
|
|
The
capital city of Bangladesh is Dhaka.
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ev‡K¨i †k‡l|
|
|
400
years ago, Dhaka became the capital of Bangladesh.
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ev‡K¨i gv‡S|
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☞ Proper Noun Singular I
Plural
DfqB n‡Z cv‡i| Singular
Proper Noun Gi c~‡e© Article emv‡bv DwPZ bv| ‡hgb:
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Dhaka
is the capital city of Bangladesh.
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Correct
|
|
A/the
Dhaka is located
in the middle of Bangladesh.
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Incorrect
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☞ Z‡e
Plural Proper
Noun Gi c~‡e© Article
‘The’ emv‡b hvq| ‡hgb:
|
A
Mr. Talukdar is in Cox’s Bazar now.
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Incorrect
|
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The
Mr. Talukdars are in Cox’s Bazar now.
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Correct
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☞ Proper Noun Gi
c‡i Ab¨ Av‡iKwU Noun _vK‡j
Proper Noun Gi
c~‡e© Article
‘The’ emv‡Z nq| †hgb|
|
The
Dhaka is a city of traffic congestion.
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Incorrect
|
|
The
Dhaka city is notorious for traffic congestion.
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Correct
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☞ Common Noun mvaviYZ Determiner Qvov e‡m bv|
☞
Abstract
Noun I Material Noun mvaviYZ Non-count Noun|
☞ Count
Noun ¸‡jv Singular I Plural Dfq
ai‡Yi Subject
wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|
☞ Non-count
Noun †K Ab¨ kã ev k㸇”Qi mnvqZvq Plural
Subject wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv hvq|
☞ †Kvb †Kvb mgq Proper Noun
†K Common
Noun wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv hvq| †hgb:
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Sentence
|
Proper Noun
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Common Noun
|
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Kalidasa
is a famous poet of India.
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Kalidasa
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-
|
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Kalidasa
is called the Shakespeare of India.
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Kalidasa
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the Shakespeare
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e¨vL¨v: GLv‡b Shakespeare ej‡Z e¨w³ Shakespeare †K eySv‡bv nq wb; mvaviY ¸Y‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q A_ev weL¨vZ
bvU¨Kv‡ii †kÖwYfz³ nIqvi e¨vcviwU‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
