৩৭তম বিসিএস ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের প্রশ্নের ব্যাথ্যাসহ সমাধান

37^th BCS

1. ‘Gerontion’ is a poem by­—

A. T. S. Eliot	Ans: C   B. W. B. Yeats
C. Matthew Arnold	D. Robert Browning

e¨vL¨v:

(a) T. S. Eliot Av‡gwiKvq R¤§MÖnY K‡ib| wKš‘ wZwb e„‡U‡bi bvMwiKZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib Ges †mLv‡b mvwnZ¨ PP©v K‡ib| wZwb wesk kZvãxi Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i Ab¨Zg Kwe| Ezra Pound Zuvi Ab¨Zg Aby‡cÖiYv`vZv I mvwnwZ¨K mnPi (literary collaborator) wQ‡jb| Eliot 1948 mv‡j †bv‡ej mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| ·      The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock  ·      The Waste Land (1922)*** ·      Four Quartets ·      Gerontion Tradition and the Individual Talent** (Literary theory/essay) Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvwnZ¨Kg©| Gerontion (1920) — GwU GKwU ÔDramatic monologue’ or ‘persona poem’| GwjqU cÖ_‡g KweZvwU‡K The Waste Land KweZvi f‚wgKv ¯^iƒc cÖKvk Kivi cwiKíbv K‡iwQ‡jb| hv‡nvK, cieZ©x‡Z KweZvwU GKwU ¯^Zš¿ mvwnZ¨Kg© wn‡m‡e cÖKvwkZ nq| GB KweZvq GKRb e‡qv‡Rô¨ (Gerontic man) e¨w³i `„wó‡Z cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×vËi BD‡iv‡ci wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q| G KweZvq ag©, †hŠbZvmn AvaywbK KweZvi Ab¨vb¨ welqvw` wb‡q Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

(b) W. B. Yeats (1865-1939) — William Butler Yeats Avqvij¨v‡Ûi Ab¨Zg Kwe (Irish poet)|  wZwb wesk kZvãxi Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i Ab¨Zg Kwe| Zv‡K AvBwik I weªwUk mvwn‡Z¨i Ab¨Zg w`Kcvj wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| wZwb AvaywbK avivi Kwe n‡jI Zuvi †jLvq †ivgvw›UKZvi ‰ewkó¨ jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| †jLv‡jwLi evB‡i wZwb `yÕ †gqv‡` Irish Senator wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| wZwb iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii MxZvÄwj KweZv¸‡”Qi f~wgKv wj‡L ‡`b| wZwb 1923 mv‡j cÖ_g AvBwik bvMwiK wn‡m‡e mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|  §                 The Second Coming §                 Easter 1916      § The Lake Isle of Innisfree (35th BCS)      § Sailing to Byzantium      § Prayer for My Daughter Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KweZv|

(c) Matthew Arnold —  wf±ixq hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg Kwe, mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPK I mgvR ms¯‹viK Matthew Arnold ‘modern literary criticism’- Gi RbK wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| D‡jøL¨, English literary criticism- Gi RbK John Dryden| Matthew Arnold †ckvMZ Rxe‡b ¯‹zj cwi`k©K (Inspector of schools) wQ‡jb| wZwb mvwn‡Z¨i ¸Yv¸Y wePv‡ii Rb¨ ÔTouch stone method’- Gi cÖPjb K‡ib| wZwb KweZv‡K Òcriticism of life” e‡j‡Qb| wek„sLj wf±ixq hy‡M ag© †hLv‡b kvwšÍ Avbq‡b e¨_© ZLb wZwb KweZv‡K Ab¨Zg weKí (poetry substitute for religion) wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv K‡i‡Qb|        Poems: ·   Dover Beach ·   The Scholar-Gipsy ·   Thyrsis ·   The Rugby Chapel Essays: ·      Culture and Anarchy** ·      Literature and Dogma ·      The Study of Poetry***

(d) Robert Browning (1812-1889) — wf±ixq hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg Kwe I bvU¨Kvi| wZwb Master of dramatic monologue[1] bv‡g L¨vZ| wZwb bvix-cyiæl m¤ú‡K©i (man-woman relationship) Ab¨Zg we‡kølK wQ‡jb| wZwb Zuvi KweZvq Italian renaissance elements e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| ·      The Ring and the Book*** ·      Men and Women*** ·      The Pied Piper of Hamelin  ·      Porphyria’s Lover*** ·      My Last Duchess*** ·      Andrea del Sarto*** ·      The Laboratory ·      Fra Lippo Lippi*** ·      Rabbi Ben Ezra*** ·      Love Among the Ruins

2. Fill in the blank. — is Shakespeare’s last play.

A. As You Like It	Ans: C   B. Macbeth
C. Tempest	D. Othello

e¨vL¨v:

(a) aviYv Kiv nq, William Shakespeare Zuvi As You Like It  bvUKwU (pastoral comedy) 1599 mv‡j iPbv K‡ib|

(b) Macbeth bvUKwU 1606 mv‡j iPbv K‡ib|

(c) Tempest bvUKwU (swan song/last work) wZwb 1610/1611 mv‡ji g‡a¨ iPbv K‡ib e‡j avibv Kiv nq|

(d) Othello ev The Tragedy of Othello ev The Moor of Venice bv‡g cwiwPZ bvUKwU  †jLv n‡qwQj 1603 mv‡j|

we. `ª.: †ewkifvM mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPK g‡b K‡ib, †k·wcqv‡ii cÖ_g bvUK Henry VI, Part I  hv 1590 A_ev 1591 mv‡j ‡jLv n‡qwQj|

3. Who has written the poem ‘Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard’?

A. Thomas Gray	Ans: A   B. P. B. Shelley
C. Robert Frost	D. W. B. Yeats

e¨vL¨v:

(a) Thomas Gray (1716-1771) — cÖL¨vZ Bs‡iR Kwe I aªƒcw` cwÛZ (classical scholar)| wZwb Zvui weL¨vZ Elegy (‡kvK KweZv) ‘Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard’- Gi Rb¨ mycwiwPZ| KweZvwU classical pastoral tradition Abymi‡Y †jLv n‡qwQj|

(b) P. B. Shelley —  Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i Ab¨Zg MxwZ Kwe (Lyric poet) wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ P. B. Shelley †ivgvw›UK mvwnZ¨ avivi †kl w`‡Ki Kwe| Zuv‡K wecøex Kwe (Revolutionary poet) wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| wZwb e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b bvw¯ÍK (atheist)  wQ‡jb| Zuv‡K Oxford University †_‡K ewn®‹vi Kiv n‡qwQj| wZwb ZiæY eq‡m (30 eQi eq‡m) mvM‡i Wz‡e (drowned in the sea) gviv hvb| wZwb Mary Shelley †K we‡q K‡iwQ‡jb whwb GKRb Jcb¨vwmK wQ‡jb| Mary Shelley KZ©„K wjwLZ weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm Frankenstein|     Poems: ·          Ozymandias *** ·          To a Skylark *** ·         Ode to the West Wind*** ·         Song of Proserpine ·         On a Dead Violet ·         To Coleridge ·         Hymn to Intellectual Beauty** ·         The Revolt of Islam, (A poem in twelve cantos) Essays: ·         A Defence of Poetry ·         The Necessity of Atheism

(c)  Robert Frost: wesk kZvãxi Ab¨Zg gvwK©b Kwe Robert Frost (1847-1963) ‡K Zuvi KweZvq ev¯ÍweK MÖvgxY RxebwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ mkÖ× ¯§iY Kiv nq| D‡jøL¨, Zuvi †ewkifvM †jLbx Av‡gwiKvq cÖKvwkZ nIqvi c~‡e© Bsj¨v‡Û cÖKvwkZ nZ| His poems include: ·       Home Burial ·       Neither out too far nor in too Deep ·       An Old Man’s Winter Night** ·       Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening*** ·       The Lovely Shall be Choosers

(d) W. B. Yeats (1865-1939) AvaywbK hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg Kwe|

4. Who has written the play ‘Volpone’?

A. John Webster	Ans: B   B. Ben Jonson
C. Christopher Marlowe	D. William Shakespeare

e¨vL¨v:

(a) John Webster (1580-1634) M~p/inm¨gq bvU¨Kvi (Dark playwright) bv‡g cwiwPZ| Zuvi bvUKmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:  ·      Magnum Opus ·      The Duchess of Malfi*** ·      The White Devil *** ·      Thomas Middleton

(b) Ben Jonson: †i‡bmuv hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg bvU¨Kvi, Kwe I Awf‡bZv Ben Jonson (1572-1637) wQ‡jb Shakespeare - Gi mgmvgwqK| wZwb Zuvi e¨½ag©x (satirical) bvUK, we‡klZ Volpone- Gi Rb¨ cÖwm×| Zuvi weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨K‡g©i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q: ·   A Tale of a Tub (play) ·   Volpone ·   The Alchemist ·   Song to Celia (poem)

(c) Christopher Marlowe — Bs‡iwR KweZvq AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`i (blank verse) cÖe³v, Bs‡iwR we‡qvMvšÍK bvU‡Ki (Tragedy) RbK I Bs‡iwR †i‡bmuvi Ab¨Zg †jLK Christopher Marlowe| Alfred Tennyson Zuv‡K ÔThe Morning Star’ Dcvwa †`b| Zuvi cÖ_g bvUK Tamburlain| Zuv‡K g~jZ Zuvi Abe`¨ m„wó Doctor Faustus or the Tragical History of Doctor Faustus bvgK bvU‡Ki Rb¨ †ewk ¯§iY Kiv nq| William Shakespeare gv‡j©vi The Jew of Malta Aej¤^‡b The Merchant of Venice bvgK bvUKwU iPbv K‡ib|

(d) William Shakespeare: See page no. 118

5. Shakespeare composed much of his plays in what sort of verse?

A. Alliterative verse	Ans: C   B. Sonnet form
C. Iambic pentameter	D. Dactylic Hexameter

e¨vL¨v:

cÖm½K_v: †k·wcqvi Zuvi †ewki fvM bvUK I m‡b‡U unrhymed iambic pentameter, hv blank verse (AwgÎvÿi Q›`) bv‡g cwiwPZ Q›` iƒc e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi Sonnet 145 iambic tetrameter- G †jLv|

(a) Alliterative verse — ïiæ‡Z e¨ÄbaŸwbi cybive„wËg~jK e¨env‡i iwPZ we‡kl Q›`|

(b) Sonnet form — 14 jvB‡bi KweZv| Bs‡iwR m‡b‡Ui cÖwZ Q‡Î mvaviYZ 10wU Aÿi e¨envi Kiv nq|

(c) Iambic pentameter: Iamb — Q‡›` `yB Aÿ‡ii c` (a foot of two syllables- a short unsressed syllable followed by a long stressed syllable) we‡kl| Meter — c` (foot) bv‡gI cwiwPZ hv KweZvi Qvw›`K GKK (a unit of rhythm in poetry or the pattern of the beats) Pentameter —  cuvP c` (five feet) ev `k Aÿi (ten syllables) wewkó QÎ (line)|

Hexameter — QqwU c‡`i mgš^‡q iwPZ QÎ (line)| Dactylic Hexameter — also known as ‘Heroic Hexameter’ is a form of meter or rhythmic scheme in poetry. Greek and Roman epics like Odyssey, Iliad, etc. were composed in Dactylic Hexameter.

6. Which of the following is not a poetic tradition?

A. The Epic	Ans: C   B. The Comic
C. The Occult	D. The Tragic

e¨vL¨v:

(a) gnvKve¨ nj bvwZ`xN© iPbvg~jK KweZv hv M~p †Kvb welq †hgb: AZ¨šÍ mvnwmKZvc~Y© Kg© I NUbvmg~n (hv †Kvb we‡kl RvwZ ev ms¯‹…wZ‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y©)- ‡K †K›`ª K‡i aªæc`x Xs-G (elevated style) iwPZ nq| MÖxK Kwe †nvgvi G ai‡bi KweZvi AMÖbvqK|

(b) The Comic — nvm¨imvZ¥K iPbv|

(c) The Occult — hv`ywe`¨vi PP©v|

(d) The Tragic — KiæYimvZ¥K iPbv|

7. The repetition of beginning consonant sound is known as-

A. personification	Ans: C   B. onomatopoeia
C. alliteration	D. rhyme

e¨vL¨v:

(a) Personification (e¨w³iƒ‡c cÖKvk) — a figure of speech in which a thing,  an idea or an animal is given human qualities. For example: “the sun smiled at us.”

(b) *Onomatopoeia (ab¨vZ¥K kã) — aŸwb wb‡`©kK kã| Words which suggest sound, e.g. bang, hiss, splash, etc.

(c) Alliteration (AbycÖvm) — ïiæ‡Z e¨ÄbaŸwbi cybive„wËg~jK e¨env‡i iwPZ we‡kl Q›`| For example: safe and sound.

(d) Rhyme (AšÍwgj/Qov) — a repetition of similar sounding words, occurring at the end of lines in poems or songs.

8. What is a funny poem of five lines called?

A. Quartet	Ans: B   B. Limerick
C. Sixtet	D. Haiku

e¨vL¨v:

(a) Quartet — Pvi jvB‡bi KweZv ev KweZvsk (stanza)| Note: a couplet is a stanza of two successive rhyming lines.

(b) Limerick — cuvP jvB‡bi gRv`vi KweZv|

(c)  Sixtet — Qq jvB‡bi KweZv|

(d) Haiku — wZb jvB‡bi m‡Zi Aÿi wewkó cÖvqk cÖK„wZ m¤úwK©Z HwZn¨evnx Rvcvwb KweZv| D‡jøL¨, KweZvi fvM‡K ejv nq stanza| M`¨ ev cÖe‡Üi fvM‡K ejv nq Aby‡”Q` (paragraph)| Dcb¨v‡mi fvM‡K ejv nq ce© (episode)| bvU‡Ki fvM‡K ejv nq A¼ (act); cÖwZwU A¼‡K Avevi KZK¸‡jv `„‡k¨ (scene) fvM Kiv nq| KweZvi †h PwiÎ cvV‡Ki wbKU eY©bv K‡i Zv‡K e‡j speaker| M‡`¨i †h PwiÎ cvV‡Ki wbKU eY©bv K‡i Zv‡K e‡j K_K (narrator)|

9. Who wrote ‘Biographia Literaria’?

A. John Milton	Ans: C   B. P. B. Shelley
C. S. T. Coleridge	D. Charles Lamb

e¨vL¨v:  

(a) John Milton — cÖL¨vZ Kwe, ZvwK©K (polemicist ) I  Bs‡iR kvmK Iwjfvi µgI‡q‡ji Kg©KZ©v| Paradise Lost I Paradise Regained Zuvi `ywU weL¨vZ gnvKve¨|

(b) P. B. Shelley — Dc‡i `ªóe¨|

(c) S. T. Coleridge — William Wordsworth- Gi Ab¨Zg mn‡hvMx wewkó Bs‡iR Kwe, mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPK I `vk©wbK S. T. Coleridge Bs‡iRx †ivgvw›UK mvwnZ¨avivq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb iv‡Lb| wZwb Avwdg Avm³ (addicted to opium) wQ‡jb| wZwb Wordsworth- Gi mv‡_ Lyrical Ballads cÖKvk K‡ib| The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Zuvi weL¨vZ eY©bvg~jK (narrative) KweZv| wZwb Zuvi Biographia Literaria bvgK mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPbvg~jK (literary critique) MÖ‡š’i Rb¨I ¯§iYxq n‡q Av‡Qb| Poems: ·      The Rime of the Ancient Mariner*** ·      Kubla Khan*** ·      Dejection: An Ode** ·      Christabel ·      A Christmas Carol Literary theory/essay: Biographia Literaria

(d) Charles Lamb (1775-1834) — cÖL¨vZ Bs‡iR †jLK I cÖvewÜK Charles Lamb Zuvi weL¨vZ cÖeÜMÖš’  Essays of Elia I Abe`¨ wkï‡Zvlg~jK MÖš’ Tales from Shakespeare- Gi Rb¨ mycwiwPZ| Elia Zuvi QÙbvg| ÔWitches and Other Night-Fears’ Zuvi GKwU weL¨vZ cÖeÜ|

10. Robert Browning was a --------poet. Fill in the gap with appropriate word.

A. Romantic	Ans: B   B. Victorian
C. Modern	D. Elizabethan

e¨vL¨v:

Robert Browning (1812-1889) — wf±ixq hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg Kwe I bvU¨Kvi| wZwb Master of dramatic monologue[2] bv‡g L¨vZ| wZwb bvix-cyiæl m¤ú‡K©i (man-woman relationship) Ab¨Zg we‡kølK wQ‡jb| wZwb Zuvi KweZvq Italian Renaissance elements e¨envi K‡i‡Qb|  Other writers of this age include: E. B. Browning, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Matthew Arnold, W. M. Thackeray, Swinburne, Rossetti(s) and to name a few.

11. Othello gave Desdemona-----------as a token of love.

A. Ring	Ans: B   B. Handkerchief
C. Pendant	D. Bangles

e¨vL¨v:

I‡_‡jv Kw_Z iægvjwU †c‡qwQj Zuvi gvZvi wbKU †_‡K| B‡Zvc~‡e© I‡_‡jvi evev I‡_‡jvi gv‡K evmi iv‡Z iægvjwU fvjevmv, I wek¦¯ÍZvi cÖZxK wn‡m‡e w`‡qwQj| cieZ©x‡Z I‡_‡jv iægvjwU Zuvi wcÖqZgv †WmwWgbv‡K Abyiƒc fvjevmv I wek¦¯ÍZvi cÖZxK wn‡m‡e Dcnvi †`q| I‡_‡jvi Revwb‡Z Rvbv hvq †h, Kw_Z iægvjwU ˆZix K‡iwQj 200 eQi eq¯‹ GK gwnjv `i‡ek (Sibyl)| cweÎ †RvbvwK †cvKvi †ikg Avi gwg Kiv Kzgvwii ürwc‡Ði i³ w`‡q Gi KviæKvh© Kiv n‡qwQj| myZivs G iægvj nj AvbyMZ¨, wek¦vm I mZx‡Z¡i cÖZxK| wKš‘ ¯¿x Gwgwjqvi gva¨‡g G iægvjLvbv wf‡jb Bqv‡Mvi n¯ÍMZ nq| AZ:ci Bqv‡Mv GwU K¨vwmIi A‡MvP‡i Zuvi K‡ÿ ‡i‡L †`q| cieZ©x‡Z LjbvqK Bqv‡Mv iægvjwU‡K I‡_‡jvi cÖwZ †WmwWgbvi wek¦vm f‡½i Pvÿzl cÖgvY (ocular proof) wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡i hvi cwibwZ‡ZB I‡_‡jv Zuvi wcÖqZgv‡K nZ¨v K‡i I wb‡R AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i|

cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨: William Shakespeare- Gi ‘The Merchant of Venice’  bvU‡K †cvwk©qvi cvwYcÖv_x©‡`i‡K ¯^Y©, †iŠc¨ I mxmv w`‡q ‰Zix wm›`yK †_‡K mwVK wm›`yK A_©vr †h wm›`y‡K †cvwk©qvi Qwe i‡q‡Q Zv †e‡Q wb‡Z nq| G‡›UvwbI mwVK wm›`yKwU A_©vr mxmvi ˆZix wm›`yKwU evQvB Ki‡Z mÿg nq|

12. P. B. Shelley’s ‘Adonais’ is an elegy on the death of —

A. John Milton	Ans: C   B. S.T. Coleridge
C. Keats	D. Lord Byron

e¨vL¨v:  Elegies on Famous Poets/Writers

Elegy	Writer	On the death of
In Memoriam	Tennyson	Arther Henry Hallam
In Memory of  W. B. Yeats	W. H. Auden	W. B. Yeats
Heroic Stanzas on the Death of Cromwell	John Dryden	Oliver Cromwell
Lycidas (pastoral elegy)	John Milton	Edward King
Thyrsis	Matthew Arnold	Arthur Hugh Clough
Rugby Chapel	Matthew Arnold	Dr. Thomas Arnold (father)
Adonais	P. B. Shelley	John Keats

(a) John Milton — cÖL¨vZ Kwe, ZvwK©K (polemicist ) I  Bs‡iR kvmK Iwjfvi µgI‡q‡ji Kg©KZ©v| Paradise Lost I Paradise Regained Zuvi `ywU weL¨vZ gnvKve¨|

(b) S. T. Coleridge — William Wordsworth- Gi Ab¨Zg mn‡hvMx wewkó Bs‡iR Kwe, mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPK I `vk©wbK S. T. Coleridge Bs‡iRx †ivgvw›UK mvwnZ¨avivq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb iv‡Lb| wZwb Avwdg Avm³ (addicted to opium) wQ‡jb| wZwb Wordsworth- Gi mv‡_ Lyrical Ballads cÖKvk K‡ib| The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Zuvi weL¨vZ eY©bvg~jK (narrative) KweZv| wZwb Zuvi Biographia Literaria bvgK mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPbvg~jK (literary critique) MÖ‡š’i Rb¨I ¯§iYxq n‡q Av‡Qb| Poems: ·   The Rime of the Ancient Mariner*** ·   Kubla Khan*** ·   Dejection: An Ode** ·   Christabel ·   A Christmas Carol

(c) John Keats —  ‘Poet of beauty’ I ÔPoet of sensuousness’ bv‡g L¨vZ John Keats Romantic period- Gi Ab¨Zg Kwe| § Ode to a Nightingale § Ode to Autumn § Ode to Psyche § Ode on a Grecian Urn § Ode on Melancholy § La Belle Dame Sans Merci Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KweZv|

(d) Lord Byron — Lord Byron Bs‡iRx mvwn‡Z¨i †ivgvw›UK avivi Ab¨Zg L¨vZbvgv Kwe| wZwb we‡`ªvnx Kwe (Rebel[3] Poet) Ges Byronic Hero bv‡g L¨vZ| Don Juan Zuvi weL¨vZ KweZv| The phrase ‘United Nations’ is borrowed from Byron’s ‘Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage.’ His works include: §  Don Juan*** §  She Walks in Beauty[4] §  Prometheus §  The Eve of Waterloo

13. The comparison of unlike things using the words like, on, as is   known to be—

A. metaphor	Ans: B   B. simile
C. alliteration	D. personification

e¨vL¨v:

(a) Metaphor (iƒcK) — an implied/indirect comparison of one thing to another in order to make description more vivid (¯úó). E.g. “all the world’s a stage” (Shakespeare).

(b) *Simile (Dcgv) — a direct comparison of one thing to another in order to make description more vivid (¯úó). Similes use the words like or as or than to make the comparison. Examples: I wandered lonely as a cloud.

(c) Personification (e¨w³iƒ‡c cÖKvk) — a figure of speech in which a thing – an idea or an animal – is given human qualities. For example: “the Sun smiled at us.”

(d)  Alliteration (AbycÖvm) — ïiæ‡Z e¨ÄbaŸwbi cybive„wËg~jK e¨env‡i iwPZ we‡kl Q›`| For example, safe and sound.

14. ‘Restoration period’ in English literature refers to –

A. 1560	Ans: B   B. 1660
C. 1760	D.1866

e¨vL¨v:

Restoration Period- Gi e¨vwß 1660 mvj †_‡K 1700 mvj ch©šÍ| G hy‡Mi Ggb bvgKiY Kiv nq KviY Charles I- Gi wkit‡ñ` Kivi ci ivRZš¿ cyb:cÖwZôv Kiv nq| Charles II †K 1660 mv‡j wmsnvm‡b cyb:AwawôZ (restore) Kiv nq| G hyM‡K Age of Dryden bv‡gI AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| KviY John Dryden G hy‡Mi me‡P‡q cÖfvekvjx I cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix †jLK| G hy‡Mi mvwn‡Z¨i cÖavb ˆewkó¨ nj my¯úó, h_v_© I mswÿß evK¨ MVb (clear, concise and precise sentences)| G hy‡M KíbvcÖm~Z †jLbxi Dci AeÁvm~PK `„wó †`Iqv nq| g~jZ G hy‡Mi †jLvi aib wQj ev¯Íem¤§Z, AvbyôvwbK I iæwPkxj (formal and elegant)| John Milton I John Dryden- G hy‡Mi cÖL¨vZ †jLK|

15. ‘The Sun Also Rises’ is a novel written by —

A. Charles Dickens	Ans: C   B. Hermann Melville
C. Earnest Hemingway	D. Thomas Hardy

e¨vL¨v:

(a) Victorian hy‡Mi Jcb¨vwmK Charles Dickens (1812-1870) David Copperfield, Oliver Twist, A Tale of Two Cities, Great Expectations, Bleak House , Hard Times bvgK Dcb¨v‡mi  iPwqZv|

(b) Hermann Melville (1819-1891) — gvwK©b Jcb¨vwmK, ‡QvU Mí †jLK I Av‡gwiKvb †i‡bmuvi Kwe Hermann Melville Gi weL¨vZ mvwnZ¨Kg© nj Zvui wZwg m¤úwK©Z Dcb¨vm Moby-Dick

(c) Earnest Hemingway — cÖL¨vZ gvwK©b Jcb¨vwmK I mvsevw`K Earnest Hemingway 1954 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| His novels include: ·   The Sun Also Rises (first novel)*** ·   Indian Camp (short story) ·   A Farewell to Arms*** ·   For Whom the Bell Tolls*** ·   The Old Man and the Sea*** ·   Cats in the Rain

(d) Thomas Hardy (1840 –1928) was an English novelist and poet. His novels include: § Far from the Madding Crowd § The Mayor of Casterbridge § Tess of the d’Urbervilles § Jude the Obscure

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[1] A dramatic monologue usually refers to a verse in which a speaker reveals (cÖKvk Kiv) his or her character in relation to a critical situation or event, in a monologue addressed to the reader or to a presumed (AbywgZ) listener.

[2] A dramatic monologue n‡jv †Kvb KweZv †hLv‡b †Kvb e³v (we‡klZ †Kvb msKUgq gyû‡Z©) bxie †Kvb †kÖvZvi wbKU Zvi Abyf~wZ/PvwiwÎK ˆewkó¨ cÖKvk K‡i| 

[3] P. B. Shelley wecøex Kwe (Revolutionary poet) bv‡g cwiwPZ|  

[4] Emily Dickinson wrote the poem ‘I died for Beauty.’