৩৮তম বিসিএস ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের প্রশ্নের ব্যাথ্যাসহ সমাধান

38^th BCS

1. Which period is known as ‘The golden age of English literature’?

A. The Victorian age	Ans: B   B. The Elizabethan age
C. The Restoration age	D. The Eighteenth century

e¨vL¨v: 

A. The Victorian age — wf±ixq hyM‡K (1832-1900) cÖvqk mskq I nZvkvi hyM (age of doubt and pessimism) wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kiv nq|

B. The Elizabethan age — GwjRv‡e_xq hy‡M (1558-1603) mvwnZ¨K‡g©i e¨vcK cÖmvi jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| G mgq A‡bK cwÛZ †jLK †hgb: William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, Francis Bacon, Ben Jonson cÖg~‡Li Avwef©ve N‡U| Gme †jL‡Ki AvMg‡b Bsj¨vÛ ÔNest of Signing Birds’ bv‡g cwiwPwZ cvq| GwjRv‡e_xq hyM ‰eÁvwbK M‡elYv I †fŠ‡MvwjK cwiåg‡Yi Rb¨I mwe‡kl D‡jøL‡hvM¨| G mgq Av‡gwiKvi fvwR©wbqv GjvKvwU Avwe®‹…Z nq hvi bvgKiY Kiv nq fvwR©b KzBb GwjRv‡e‡_i bvgvbymv‡i| myZivs, A‡cÿvK…Z w¯’wZkxj GwjRv‡e_xq hyM wkí, mvwnZ¨, mvs¯‹…wZ, Av_©-mvgvwRK I ag©xq †ÿ‡Î ÔGolden Period’ bv‡g cwiwPwZ cvq|

C. The Restoration age — G hy‡Mi (1660-1700) mvwn‡Z¨i cÖavb ˆewkó¨ nj my¯úó, h_v_© I mswÿß evK¨ MVb (clear, concise and precise sentences)| G hy‡M KíbvcÖm~Z †jLbxi Dci AeÁvm~PK `„wó †`Iqv nq| g~jZ G hy‡Mi †jLvi aib wQj ev¯Íem¤§Z, AvbyôvwbK I iæwPkxj (formal and elegant)| John Milton I John Dryden- G hy‡Mi cÖL¨vZ †jLK|

D. The Eighteenth century — Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ Aóv`k kZvãx nj Av‡jvKvq‡bi hyM (the Age of Enlightenment)| G hy‡M AvaywbK Dcb¨v‡mi weKvk N‡U| 2. Jacobean period in English literature refers to — A. 1558-1603              Ans: C   B. 1625-1649 C. 1603-1625              D. 1649-1660

e¨vL¨v: 

A. 1558-1603 — The Elizabethan period

B. 1625-1649 — Caroline age/Late Renaissance period

C. 1603-1625 —  Jacobean age

D. 1649-1660 —   Commonwealth period 3. Where did the following lines occur in?   “Alone, alone, all, all alone,   Alone on a wide, wide sea……” Ans: A   A. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner        B. Kubla Khan C. The Nightingale                                   D. The Dungeon

e¨vL¨v: 

A. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (quotes) — Coleridge	(i) “Water, water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink.” (ii) “He prayeth best, who loveth best.” (iii) “Alone, alone, all, all alone, Alone on a wide wide sea!”
B.  Kubla Khan (quotes) — Coleridge	(i) “Where Alph, the sacred river, ran Through caverns measureless to man Down to a sunless sea.” (ii) “For he on honey-dew hath fed, And drunk the milk of Paradise.”
C. The Nightingale  (quotes) — Coleridge	(i)  “Most musical, most melancholy’ bird! A melancholy bird! Oh! idle thought!”
D. The Dungeon (quotes)  — Coleridge	(i) “O Nature! Healest thy wandering and distempered child: Thou pourest on him thy soft influences.”

Ans: D

4.  “For God’s sake hold your tongue, and let me love.” This line is written by —

A. Emily Dickinson	B. T. S. Eliot
C. Matthew Arnold	D. John Donne

e¨vL¨v:  

(a) Emily Dickinson         quotes	(i) “I’m nobody! Who are you? Are you nobody, too?” (ii) “There is no frigate like a book     To take us lands away.”
(b) T. S. Eliot quotes	(i) “In a minute there is time For decisions and revisions which a minute will reverse.” — The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (ii) “April is the cruelest month, breeding lilacs out of the dead land---”-The Waste Land (iii) “Humankind cannot bear very much reality.” — Four Quartets (iv) “--- time yet for a hundred indecisions, And for a hundred visions and revisions.” — The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (v) This is the way the world ends Not with a bang but a whimper.” -The Hollow Men
(c) Matthew Arnold quotes	(i) “The sea is calm tonight. The tide is full, the moon lies fair Upon the straits.” — Dover Beach (ii) “Wandering between two worlds, one dead The other powerless to be born.” (iii) “Poetry is a criticism of life.”
(d) John Donne quotes	(i) “Love, all alike, no season knows, nor clime, nor hours, days, months, which are the rags of time.” — The Sun Rising (ii) “Death be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so.” — Death be not Proud (iii) “For God’s sake hold your tongue, and let me love.” — The Canonization

5. Who is the author of ‘Man and Superman’?

A. G. B. Shaw	Ans: A   B. Thomas Hardy
C. Ernest Hemingway	D. Charles Dickens

e¨vL¨v: 

(a) G. B. Shaw — AvaywbK Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i RbK e‡j L¨vZ|	·      Man and Superman ·      Arms and the Man ·      Caesar and Cleopatra  ·      You Never Can Tell ·      Candida Zuvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ bvUK|
(b) Thomas Hardy — an English novelist and poet.	His novels include: §  Far from the Madding Crowd §  The Mayor of Casterbridge §  Tess of the d’Urbervilles §  Jude the Obscure
(c) Ernest Hemingway — an American novelist and journalist.	His works include: ·      The Sun Also Rises ·      Indian Camp (short story) ·      A Farewell to Arms ·      For Whom the Bell Tolls ·      The Old Man and the Sea ·      Cats in the Rain (short story)
(d) Charles Dickens — an English novelist and social critic. He was the greatest novelist of the Victorian period (1832-1900).	His works include: § Great Expectations §  Bleak House §  David Copperfield §  Oliver Twist §  Our Mutual Friend § A Tale of Two Cities §  A Christmas Carol §  Little Dorrit §  The Chimes § The Cricket on the Hearth § The Battle of Life §  Dombey and Son § Hard Times

6. The most famous satirist in English literature is—

A. Jonathan Swift	Ans: A   B. Alexander Pope
C. Joseph Addison	D. Richard Steele

e¨vL¨v:

A. Jonathan Swift — wZwb Zuvi e¨½iPbvi (master of satire) Rb¨ mycwiwPZ| The Gulliver’s Travels - Zuvi weL¨vZ e¨½iPbv|

B. Alexander Pope — wZwb e¨½vZ¥K †jLvi (satirical verse) Rb¨ cwiwPZ| wZwb †nvgv‡ii Abyev`Kvix wn‡m‡eI L¨vZ n‡q Av‡Qb| Zuvi KweZvq Heroic Couplet- Gi cÖvPzh© jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| wZwb we‡klZ Zuvi Mock-heroic epic ‘The Rape of the Lock’- Gi Rb¨ weL¨vZ|

C. Joseph Addison — Bs‡iR Kwe, cÖvewÜK, bvU¨Kvi I ivRbxwZwe`| wZwb I Zuvi  eÜz Richard Steel  ÔThe Spectator’  g¨vMvwRb cÖwZôv K‡ib|

D. Richard Steele —  AvBwik †jLK, bvU¨Kvi I ivRbxwZwe`| wZwb Zuvi  eÜz Joseph Addison - Gi mv‡_ ÔThe Spectator’  g¨vMvwRb cÖwZôv K‡ib|

7. Of the following authors, who wrote an epic?

A. John Milton	Ans: A   B. Jane Mansfield
C. William Cowper	D. William Shakespeare

e¨vL¨v:

(a) John Milton —  cÖL¨vZ Kwe, ZvwK©K (polemicist) I  Bs‡iR kvmK Iwjfvi µgI‡q‡ji Kg©KZ©v| Paradise Lost I Paradise Regained Zuvi `ywU weL¨vZ gnvKve¨|

(b) Jane Mansfield —

(c) William Cowper —  cÖL¨vZ weªwUk Kwe I ag©xq msMxZ iPwqZv| Zuvi mgqKvj wQj AMv÷vb I †ivgvw›UK hy‡Mi gvSvgvwS|  wZwb †ivgvw›UwmR‡gi Ab¨Zg AMÖ`~Z|

(d) William Shakespeare — g~jZ bvU¨Kvi I m‡bU iPwqZv| wZwb †Kvb gnvKve¨ iPbv K‡ibwb|

8. The literary term ‘euphemism’ means —

A. vague idea	Ans: B   B. inoffensive expression
C. a sonnet	D. wise saying

e¨vL¨v: 

(a) vague idea —  A¯úó avibv |

(b) inoffensive expression — myfvlY| Am‡šÍvlRbK K_v m‡šÍvlRbKfv‡e ejv|

(c) a sonnet — PZz`©kc`x KweZv|

(d) wise saying — cÖv‡Ávw³/ cÖev` cÖZxg Dw³|

9. Who is not a Victorian poet?

A. Matthew Arnold	Ans: B   B. Alexander Pope
C. Robert Browning	D. Alfred Tennyson

e¨vL¨v: 

wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡Mi e¨vßx 1832 mvj n‡Z 1900 mvj ch©šÍ |
(a) Matthew Arnold —  Gi mgqKvj nj 1822-1888|  wZwb  wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡Mi Kwe|
(b) Alexander Pope — Gi mgqKvj nj 1688-1744|  wZwb  AMv÷vb hy‡Mi Kwe|
(c) Robert Browning — Gi mgqKvj nj 1812-1889|  wZwb  wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡Mi Kwe|
(d) Alfred Tennyson — Gi mgqKvj nj 1809-1892|  wZwb  wf‡±vwiqvb hy‡Mi Kwe|